The crimes against journalists
In strict sense according to the historians, the first newspaper was that that Julio Caesar made place in the Roman Forum in Century I of ours was, and to which denominated “Diurnal Act”. There by the age it mediates the pages written with the news were common in the streets of the cities of the old world. For example, in Venice these pages were sold at the cost of one “gazzetta”, currency used in Century XVI, of there the name taken by many newspapers at the present time. He would be during the centuries XVIII and XIX in which the politicians became aware from the power of the newspapers to influence in the society, thus arising industralists who visualized the commercial potential of the media. In the United States Joseph.Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst they created newspapers on sale destined massive. Century XX would be prolífico in the sprouting of the journalistic agencies, in addition to that in the second decade would arise the first radio transmitters, in third those of television, and for half-full of century both they competed in instantaneity.
Thus, the media is the activity to collect, to elaborate and to publish information relative to the present time, specially done of social and public interest. Consequently the journalist is the person who dedicates itself to the media in anyone of his forms, or in written press, digital radio, television or means. For it the journalist dedicates itself basically to the search of information, tendencies, subjects of public interest, personalities, etc., for his later diffusion. The base of the media is the news, but it includes/understands other sorts like the news article, the interview, the chronicle, documentary and the opinion. The media can be informative, interpretativo and of opinion, and the information is successfully obtained and spread in means, which gives rise to the graphical media as the written press, the wireless media, the audio-visual one, and lately the digital media.
The exercise of this office or profession causes a great influence in the public opinion, understanding this one like the possibility that many think the same about a certain subject. For that reason some have defined to the media like “the fourth power”. For that reason the mass media, in where the journalists make their daily work, interact between the civil community and the Powers of the State in which the “public sphere” is denominated. Even though they are considered within the context of the journalists to the columnistas, writing heads, publishers, photographers, analysts, all almost autodenominan reporters because in the search of the news the essence of this noble office or profession is synthesized.
In that search of the daily information or subjects of general and social interest it is where the office or profession of the media has become one of the riskiest tasks of our country, to the degree that Mexico is considered like the second more dangerous country for its exercise, but since it mentioned days ago the columnista Leopoldo Mendívil in “the Chronicle”, legally a definition does not exist, in no legal text, that explains who and porqué are journalist. But our function is reason for constant reference in almost all social, academic, political, enterprise the scopes, etc., and is laws that allude to us. But perhaps most important it is than we are the main deposit takers of one of the more important individual guarantees of the Political Constitution of the Mexican United States, and beneficiaries of many chapters in the legislations of human rights of the world.
During sexenio past, announced with big drum and subject of gossip which all crime against a journalist who committed itself anywhere of the country would be considered of the federal scope and therefore attracted by the General Office of the judge advocate general of the Republic. For it the Special Office of the public prosecutor for the Attention of Crimes Committed Against Journalists was created, but the 90 percent of the committed crimes is of local jurisdiction, and consequently many are in impunity.
But moment to amend way has begun, because the last week the Assistant attorney general of Human rights of the PGR, Juan de God I castrate Lozano, and the special Public prosecutor for the Attention to Crimes Committed Against Journalists, Octavio Orellana, gave to the Commission of Pursuit to Aggressions Against Journalists of the House of Representatives the text of a first draft of law that would allow, of being approved by the legislators, the definitive federalización of the crimes against journalists. But also the officials go further on government in mention when indicating that: “journalist reputes itself that person who serves her of main way, habitual and repaid, in daily or periodic publications and informed agencies, including the radio-telephone companies, of local cover, national or international. In this one last case, as long as its stay in the country is credited like so “.
By our part we have done what it corresponds to us. The members of the National Academy of Journalists of Radio and television presided over by Leopoldo Mendívil, in agreement with the National Commission of Human rights and the Suboffice of the judge advocate general of Human rights, we have decided that sanctioned journalist Mayté Noriega heads the National Commission of Etica and Defensa of the Journalists, like a effort to tell on an authorized voice that it represents all those that we make the task daily maintain informed the society into which it happens in all the corners of the world. Only we have left to hope that the popular representing gentlemen in the House of Representatives do his. To the time.