Journalism and Professional Journalists

Journalist is the person who dedicates itself to the media, in anyone of its forms. Written press, radio , television or any media. The journalist dedicates itself basically to the search of information, tendencies, topics of public interest, personalities, and to his later diffusion. A journalist resorts to trustworthy and verifiable journalistic sources. Thus it elaborates its news articles, that can take several forms for their diffusion: oral, written, visual.

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The for Center Average Citizen led by Gives Gillmor has compiled the Principles of the Citizen Media like fruit of their work of investigation in this field. Each one of them is explained with great variety of didactic resources (interviews, presentations, videos, etc.).

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While the fight between printed and digital journalism continues, at least a newspaper, The Washington Post, have sent a memo to its staff that aims to clear any malentendido between both departments. The keys: convergence, collaboration and qualification to prepare to the journalists in the transition towards the digitalis. In order to deepen integration, in addition, they designated to publishers of the main sections of the form so that they collaborate with the Web site and the table of “noticias continuas” of the newspaper.

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The restoration of constitutional governments as of December of 1983 supposed for the journalistic activity a deeply positive change, that made possible the return of exiliados journalists, the liberation of the press workers who even remained jailed, the reapertura of means of press closed by the dictatorship and, in general, a greater freedom of expression. But in last the years there was an offensive against the press that is transformed in judicial complaints (most of the times initiated by civil employees), anonymous or opened aggressions to journalists (the majority on the part of security agents) and threats.

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Angel Herrera Oria, convinced that the professionals of the media required certain academic preparation, created in 20 years the first school of journalism in Spain, the school of journalism of the Debate (periodic that he himself had founded on 1912). This way, Herrera Oria became precursor of the journalism studies - although the most excellent journalists of the time were against, marking a way that later followed the State with the appearance of the first faculties of Sciences of the Information in which this profession like university career was distributed.

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In diverse countries of democratic regime, the journalistic work is protected by the law or the constitution. This includes, often, the right of the journalist to privily preserve the identity of its sources, even when he is interbare judicially.

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History indicates like the first newspaper in strict sense that that Julio Caesar made place in the Roman forum and to which he denominated the diurnal Act in century I before ours was.

In the low Average Age, the leaves written with the commercial and economic news were very common in the boisterous streets of the bourgeois cities. In Venice, leaves at the cost of one were sold gazzetta (currency used in Venice in century XVI), from which the names of many newspapers published in the Modern Era and the Contemporary come.

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